04/10/2024
Swimming in the sea is one of the most refreshing activities during hot weather. However, the presence of unexpected hazards, such as flesh-eating bacteria, can spoil this enjoyment. These bacteria can adapt to various environmental conditions, thriving in seawater, freshwater, contaminated water, and soil. Assoc. Prof. Zehra Çağla Karakoç, a faculty member in the Faculty of Medicine at Istinye University, provided information about these bacteria and offered recommendations for preventive measures.
While swimming in the sea is a popular way to cool off in the summer, it can pose risks if flesh-eating bacteria are present. The likelihood of exposure to these bacteria increases with prolonged time spent in contaminated waters. Assoc. Prof. Karakoç emphasizes the importance of being aware of these risks and taking appropriate precautions.
Zehra Çağla Karakoç discussed the symptoms and treatment methods for infections caused by bacteria.
Fever, Pain, and Red Skin Are Among the Initial Symptoms.
Providing information about flesh-eating bacteria, Assoc. Prof. Zehra Çağla Karakoç, a faculty member in the Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology at Istinye University, explains:
"The term 'flesh-eating bacteria' generally refers to bacteria that cause severe and rapidly progressing infections, such as necrotizing fasciitis. These bacteria rapidly lead to tissue death in the body. They are called 'flesh-eating' because their effects result in tissue loss in infected areas, resembling the action of 'meat eaters.' Notable examples include Streptococcus pyogenes, Clostridium perfringens, and Vibrio vulnificus. Early symptoms include a red, hot, or swollen area of skin that spreads quickly, fever, and severe pain. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial, as these infections can lead to serious health problems, including death."
Assoc. Prof. Karakoç emphasizes the potential severity of these infections.
They Can Lead to Cases that Can Result in Death
"This type of bacteria can cause significant health issues and medical emergencies. They can lead to rapid tissue death and severe infections that disrupt organ function, a condition known as sepsis, which may ultimately result in organ loss or death. Infections caused by flesh-eating bacteria can be fatal, both globally and in Türkiye. Although it is a rare disease, occurring in approximately 1 in a million people, necrotizing fasciitis is more frequently seen in immunocompromised individuals, such as diabetes and cancer patients. Serious injuries, open wounds, and exposure to contaminated environments can increase this risk."
Antibiotics and Surgical Cleaning Can Be Lifesaving
Regarding treatment options for those exposed to these bacteria, Karakoç states, "Treatment may vary depending on the type of infection, the extent of its spread, and the overall health status of the patient. However, early administration of antibiotics and surgical cleaning can be lifesaving. In some cases, hyperbaric oxygen therapy may also be beneficial. The duration of treatment can differ from patient to patient, with some requiring interventions that last only a few weeks, while others may need treatment for several months."
They Are Able to Adapt to Environmental Conditions
Karakoç also discusses the environments where flesh-eating bacteria thrive: "These bacteria can be found in seawater, freshwater, contaminated water, and soil. They are typically pathogens that can adapt to various environmental conditions." To prevent infection from flesh-eating bacteria, she advises: "Practicing good hygiene, protecting the skin from injuries, avoiding contact with contaminated water, and adhering to general hygiene and cleaning guidelines can significantly reduce the risk of infection. Maintaining hygiene and seeking prompt medical attention in case of health issues are the most effective strategies to minimize the risk of infection."